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Physician-written perspectives on the latest research and the questions patients ask most. Start with the newest article below, or explore a topic.
Your Labs Might Be Showing a Sleep Problem, Not a Testosterone Problem
Most of your daily testosterone release happens during sleep. A single rough week can drop a lab result before anything's actually wrong.
Should You Block Estrogen on TRT? What the Research Shows
Crashing your estradiol on TRT isn't optimization. The landmark trial that separated testosterone's effects from estrogen's found low estradiol drives fat gain, bone loss, and sexual dysfunction.
Your Thymus Didn't Disappear After Puberty. It Just Went Quiet.
Your thymus doesn't fully shut off after puberty, it just slows down, and it's still measurably active decades later. Here's what that means for your immune resilience, and where research on thymosin alpha-1 shows the most promise.
Does Progesterone Cause Brain Tumors? What the Research Actually Shows
A meningioma headline about progesterone is usually actually about one specific synthetic progestin. Here's what the research shows about which ones carry real risk, and which don't.
Your Hair Is Thinning on Hormone Therapy. Testosterone Isn't Always the Reason.
More hair in the shower drain after starting hormone therapy? The dose isn't always the culprit. Here's what's actually driving it, and how to find out.
Your Testosterone Isn't Just Declining With Age. It's Declining Across Generations.
In 2017, LabCorp lowered its normal testosterone range for men. That change didn't happen in a vacuum, it responded to a decline researchers had already been tracking for years.
Does Estrogen Cause Blood Clots and Strokes? What the Actual Trial Data Shows
Estrogen and blood clot warnings usually skip two details that actually determine the risk: timing after menopause and route of administration. Here's what the randomized trials actually show.
Cortisol Dysregulation Has a Cellular Mechanism Most Doctors Never Measure
Adrenal fatigue isn't real the way most people think. The actual mechanism behind chronic stress symptoms is cellular resistance to cortisol, and it's measurable.
Your Thyroid Isn't Broken. The Enzyme That Activates It Might Be.
Your thyroid gland might be working fine. The enzyme that activates thyroid hormone at the cellular level is a different story. Here's the mechanism.
Your Thyroid Labs Say Normal. Here's Why You Still Feel Hypothyroid.
Your TSH came back normal, but you still feel exhausted, cold, and foggy. Here's why TSH alone can miss what's actually happening at the cellular level.